When the construction of columns and beams is completed, the masonry wall construction will begin.
The site engineer needs to monitor all activities and ensure that they are conducted according to project specifications. The sequence of constructing columns, beams, and slabs are followed for other storeys above. The process involves placing formworks for beams and slabs, installing reinforcements for beams and slabs based on drawings, embedding other objects is present, pouring concrete for beams and slabs, and finally cure the concrete properly. Slab and Beam ConstructionĪfter the construction of columns on the ground floor is ended, the construction of slab and beams would begin. The procedure involves constructing a column kicker, placing steel bars, setting up formwork, pouring concrete, and curing the concrete.Ĭhecking the verticality of columns during their constructions is crucial to avoid a deviation from their positions. The columns are constructed to the level of the slab, and their reinforcements should be extended to allow the construction of the above storeys. Column ConstructionĪfter the construction of the foundations and plinth beams is present, a reinforced concrete column would be constructed. Plinth Beam Constructionīased on the type of foundation, a plinth beam may be constructed to connect different footings and provide a level surface for the construction of the superstructure. The site engineer should supervise all activities to ensure that the entire work is executed according to the project specifications, and the labors' safety needs to be considered. The construction process may include placing plain cement concrete alone or combined with rubble soiling at the bottom of the foundation to create a level surface, set up formworks, place reinforcements, pour concrete, and finally cure the concrete get the designated strength. So, it needs great care and precision during construction. Foundation Constructionįoundation is the lowest part of the building responsible for transferring loads from the structure to the soil underneath. It involves cleaning the project site from debris and roots of trees, removing obstructions such as loose soil, old building if present, sloping grounds, and specifying the position of underground services are present and relocating them if necessary.įigure-4: Compact the Bottom of Excavation Trench 5. Site preparation is the first activity of post-contract construction work. The conditions of the contract need to be completely checked before sign the document. All details of the project should be clearly described in the contract document. The selection of a builder is significant since it is essential for the building's successful construction within the time frame. Taken approval may need certain documents such as a soil investigation report, all drawing like plan elevation section, land survey, structural report. Grant approval of the City Development Authority is required to start the construction activities. To read more on soil investigation, please click here. The soil investigation report contains soil properties, types of soils, the load-bearing capacity of the soil, etc. The geotechnical engineer or structural engineer needs to know the properties of the soil in the construction site otherwise, the foundation design cannot proceed. The soil investigation report should be prepared before the design of the structure.
The building estimator estimates material quantity, a number of different items of works, and prepares a sheet that contains the cost of the building construction. The type of foundation is then determined and designed based on soil investigation and a load of the superstructure. Building DesignĪfter the building plan, a structural engineer designs the frame of the structure. The plan of a building is set by architectural engineers based on the requirements of the building. Sometimes, there is not much room for selecting a building site, hence problems if present need to be tackled properly.
Location of ProjectĪ building's location needs to be specified properly to avoid future problems due to soil types or any other issues.